5FU

Summary and Research
5FU -- Fluorouracil (Oral form of 5FU is Capecitabine)

A chemo agent belongs to the Antimetabolite family that inhibits RNA synthesis and function ; may also inhibit DNA synthesis, but to a lesser degree.

Overall response rate (OR) is 0-34%; Higher OR in using infusional 5FU pump or continuous IV infusion; leucovorin-modulated 5FU day 1-5, every 3-4 weeks OR = 32%.

Side effects

Cardiotoxicity -- ST-segment elevation, angina. Neurotoxicity -- Headache,visual disturbances; GI toxicity -- Stomatitis, esophagitis, mucositis, diarrhea; nausea/vomiting (30%) Hematological toxicity -- Neutropenia, anemia and leucopenia and thrombocytopenia Skin -- Photosensitivity (cover up body &/or use sunscreen lotion with PF>15).

Drug-drug interaction with anticoagulants like warfarin, vaccines, antibiotics like Septra or Bactrim and filgrastim.

Regimens that combine short term infusion pump for 5 FU with leucovorin are better tolerated than bolus injection.